![]() #When did medieval europe knights start wearing chainmail full#From here, we can see the development of more extensive armor, such as full arm harnesses, greaves and kneecops. In addition to that, we can see a spread of other types of steel plate protection, such as bracers, which protected from the elbow to the hand. Due to its high cost, at the beginning of the XIV century cuirasses were available to few knights and nobles. In parallel with this, some elements of plate armor begin to appear: first, a plackart and faulds covering the stomach of its wearer, and then a full cuirass. In the XIV century the mail and coat of plates combination was still widely used, but a chest part of the protection became a larger curved breastplate which was much harder to penetrate with a spear, pointed sword and other weapons of the period. ![]() ![]() Maurice (1250) in Magdeburg is a good example of this combination. Early brigandine-mail protection consisted of a breastplate or a vest worn over the mail (hauberk). There is no clear criteria to distinguish one from another, but it is generally assumed that a coat of plates consists of a smaller number of larger plates compared to a more sophisticated brigandine, and usually closes in the back. Both the coat of plates and brigandine are armor made of metal plates, riveted on cloth, quilted linen or another fabric - sometimes leather. In the XIII century, a combination of chain mail (also known as maille, or just mail) and a coat of plates (and, later, a brigandine), provided more protection than just mail alone. Often, to protect the legs they also wore mail hose. Knights also wore a gambeson under the mail - you can read more about this type of protection in one of our previous posts. Front and back lower parts of the mail had cuts for more convenient movement, as well as providing more comfort when sitting in a saddle. In the latter case, the mail was called a “hauberk”. So, what preceded it?įor quite a long time - from the X to the XIII centuries - basic metal armor for those who could afford it consisted of long mail reaching the knees, with full length or partial sleeves (reaching the elbows), as well as a coif (a mail hood, separate or connected to the mail). Full plate armor was widespread for a relatively short period of time, and even at the peak of popularity it was quite expensive. Thinking of the Middle Ages as an era when warriors covered in steel plates became a mass phenomenon is, if nothing else, inaccurate. To it, the heavy silk braid, butterfly-like knot called agemaki was tied.The ongoing race between arms and armor in the Middle Ages led to the emergence and spread of many types of protection, such as mail-brigandine armor, mail-plate armor, and finally full plate armor. ![]() A copper ring ( agemaki-no-kan) was riveted in the middle of the back section. These were made from hard wood, horn and sometimes ivory. The cuirass was closed with the traditional buttons ( kohaze) attached to the watagami. The straps ( watagami) were strengthened with vertical, semi-rounded plates which protected the shoulders from vertical cutting strokes. The waidate was put on first and was tied to the body with two silk cords-one at the level of the waist and the other diagonally across the chest and over the left shoulder. A three-section cuirass fully protected the back, left and front parts of the body, and only the right part (where the letter “C” is opened) was protected with a separate section called the waidate. The most distinctive feature of the o-yoroi was its cross-section, which had the form of the Latin letter “C”. Source: As an article from Boris Petrov Bedrosov (at ) describes – ![]()
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